As winter sports enthusiasts explore the mountains skiing and snowboarding, it’s important to be aware of the extreme dangers of tree wells. These hidden dangers are a common cause of serious injury and death for skiers and snowboarders. Recently, in the 22-23 season, a 65-year-old man from Kentucky fell into a tree well and died while skiing with his son in Steamboat, CO.

Due to these dangers, we’ll explore what tree wells are, how they form, and provide some tips for avoiding them and increasing your odds of survival.

What are tree wells?

Tree wells are areas of deep, loose snow that form around the base of trees. They occur when low-hanging branches prevent snow from accumulating close to the tree trunk, creating a void or well around the base. This area can be particularly dangerous for skiers and snowboarders, as they can fall into the well and become trapped.

How do tree wells form?

Tree wells are formed by a combination of factors, including the shape of the tree and the type of snowpack. Dense, wet snow is more likely to form tree wells, as it is heavier and can create more pressure around the base of the tree. Additionally, trees with low-hanging branches are more likely to form tree wells, as the branches block snow from accumulating near the trunk.

Why are tree wells dangerous?

Falling into a tree well can be extremely dangerous, as it is difficult to escape once trapped. Skiers and snowboarders can become submerged in the deep snow, making it difficult to breathe and move. If not rescued quickly, the trapped individual can suffocate or suffer from hypothermia, which can be life-threatening.

If you fall in, often you go head first which drastically increases the danger. Since water is sound dampening, others often can’t hear calls for help.

Tips for avoiding tree wells

The best way to avoid tree wells is to stay away from them in the first place. Here are some tips to help you avoid tree wells while skiing or snowboarding:

• Stay on marked trails: Tree wells are more likely to form off-trail, so stick to designated ski runs to minimize your risk.
• Ski with a partner: Always ski with a partner and keep each other in sight. If one of you falls into a tree well, the other can provide assistance and call for help.
• Keep a safe distance from trees: Try to stay at least 5-10 feet away from trees, as this can reduce your risk of falling into a tree well.
• Backcountry saftey courses cover tree wells, avalanches, and veneral mountain saftey. There are a ton of options in Colorado, Colorado Adventure Guides offers some of these courses.

What to do if you fall into a tree well

Even if you take precautions, accidents can still happen. If you do fall into a tree well, here are some tips to help you survive:

1. Stay calm: Falling into a tree well can be scary, but it’s important to stay calm and conserve your energy.
2. Create an air pocket: Use your arms to create a space around your face to help you breathe.
3. Signal for help: If possible, use your ski pole or whistle to signal for help.
4. Keep moving: If you can move your arms and legs, try to wiggle your way out of the tree well. If you’re unable to move, conserve your energy and wait for help to arrive.

Conclusion

Tree wells are a hidden danger for skiers, snowboarders, and anyone exploring the mountains in the winter. By staying on marked trails, skiing with a partner, and keeping a safe distance from trees, you can reduce your risk of falling into a tree well. If you do fall into a tree well, it’s important to stay calm, create an air pocket, and signal for help. By following these tips, you can help increase your odds of survival and enjoy a safe and fun day on the slopes.